An incomplete timeline of early computers in China
Vacuum tube era (1956 ~ 1965)
Machine codename | Date introduced | Modeled after | Technologies | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
103; DJS-1 | Trial: November 1957 ~ July 1958 Small scale production in December 1961 |
Soviet Union "Small Electronic Computer M-3" | Vacuum tube. Magnetic drum memory. |
The same model was also built in Hungary. |
104; DJS-2 | Trial: May 1958 ~ September 1959 | Soviet Union BESM-II | Vacuum tube | |
DJS-3 | 1963 | Soviet Union "Small Electronic Computer M-3" | Vacuum tube Magnetic core memory |
Same as DJS-1 but faster. |
Transistor-only era (1965 ~ 1971)
Machine codename | Date introduced | Modeled after | Technologies | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
109B | 1958 ~ 1965 | Transistor | ||
121; DJS-21 | 1965 | Transistor | ||
441B II | 1963 ~ 1965 Production: 1966 |
Transistor | ||
X-2 | October 1963 ~ 1965 Production: 1966 |
Transistor | ||
112; DJS-5 | 1965 Production: 1966 |
Transistor | The first China-made computer sent abroad. | |
109C | 1964 ~ July 1967 | Transistor | ||
108B; DJS-6 | 1967 | Germanium transistor | ||
127; DJS-7 | 1966 ~ 1967 | Ultrasonic delay lines Germanium transistor |
||
DJS-K1 | 1965 ~ 1967 | Transistor | Specialized computer | |
TQ-1 | 1965 ~ 1967 | Transistor | Specialized computer | |
320; DJS-8 | 1971 | Silicon transistor |
IC era (1971~)
Machine codename | Date introduced | Modeled after | Technologies | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|
111 | 1971 | Silicon transistor; ICs | ||
150; DJS-11 | 1973? | Silicon transistor; ICs | ||
655; TQ-6 | 1974 | Silicon transistor; ICs | ||
150; DJS-11 | 1973? | Silicon transistor; ICs |
DJS-100/200 era (1973~)
A notable decision made at the beginning of the Transformation Period was to develop ranges of computers of large, medium and small sizes. Task forces for the accomplishment of these objectives were organised in 1973. The members of the task forces came from institutes, universities and factories all over the country.
The range of large computers was the DJS200 mainframe series; the range of medium-sized computers was the DJS100 minicomputer series; while the smaller computers comprised a variety of portable and desktop calculators. They were all planned and developed under the centralised control of the Ministry of Electronics Industry.
The DJS200 Series United Design Group was set up in February 1973 with members from over 15 organisations. Development started a month later. The base for the daily work of the task forces was the North China Institute of Computing Technology in Beijing.
Machine codename | Date introduced | Modeled after | Main design organisation |
---|---|---|---|
DJS-130 | June 1973 ~ August 1974 | Data General NOVA | Tsinghua Univ |
DJS-131 | June 1973 ~ Dec 1974 | Shanghai No. 13 Radio Factory | |
DJS-120 | March 1975 ~ Jul 1975 | Tianjin Inst of Radio Tech | |
DJS-125 | 1975 | Fudan Univ | |
DJS-140 | August 1974 ~ August 1975 | Tsinghua Univ | |
DJS-110 | July 1976 ~ October 1977 | Nanjing Aeronautics Inst | |
DJS-112 | 1978 ~ September 1979 | East China Normal Univ | |
DJS-135 | 1976 ~ 1979 | Tianjin Inst of Radio Tech | |
DJS-220 | 1973 ~ January 1979 | ||
DJS-210 | 1974 ~ March 1979 | ||
DJS-260 | 1973 ~ September 1979 | ||
DJS-240 | 1973 ~ January 1980 | ||
DJS-101 | May 1980 | East China Normal Univ | |
DJS-132 | March 1981 | Tianjin Inst of Radio Tech | |
DJS-112A | July 1981 | Shaoguan Radio Factory | |
DJS-142 | August 1979 ~ 1982 | Tsinghua Univ | |
DJS-152 | 1982 | Shuzhou Radio Factory | |
DJS-153 | January 1982 | Tianjin Inst of Radio Tech |
DJS-0xx era (1975?~)
This is the microcomputer era. A lot of famous chips like the Intel 8085, Motorola 6800 and AMD AM2900 series are used. After this era people started using Z80 (just like Russia) and later x86.
Machine codename | Date introduced | Main CPU | Modeled after | Main design organisation | Related resources |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
77-I | 1977 | ||||
77-II | 1977 | ||||
DJS-050 | Starting from Aug 1974, first machine in 1976 | Intel MCS-80 | Team led by Anhui Radio Factory & Tsinghua Univ. | DJS-050_1 DJS-050_2 DJS-053_1 | |
The DJS-062 series: DJS-062, DJS-062B, DJS-062C, DJS-062D, DJS-062F, DJS-062S | DJS-062: June 1980 | Motorola 6800 | Motorola MEK6800D2, Motorola M64ADS-1(?) and Hitachi MB6880 Level 2 | Shenyang Liaohe Research Facility 沈阳辽河实验研究所 (I don't know where it is. Probably dismantled after 1985. | DJS-061_1 DJS-062D_1 |